• Graphical representations of:
• Price of oil 1950 -1980
• Fuel costs, engine types
• Price of oil, New York 1994 - 1996
• Price of oil, Rotterdam 1994 - 1996
• Price of oil, Singapore 1994 - 1996
• Quality of oil, N.Europe 1994 - 1996
• Quality of oil, E.USA 1994 - 1996
• Quality of oil, Far East 1994 - 1996

• The atom and the molecule
• The hydro-carbon structure
• Stable and unstable molecules
• Saturated and unsaturated molecules
• Iso-molecules
• Straight and ring chain structures
• Paraffinic hydro-carbons
• Naphthenic hydro-carbons
• Aromatic hydro-carbons
• The olefin series

• Crude oil and its sources
• Refining processes
• The basic refining process
• Typical refinery process
• Fractionating column
• Straight run process
• Thermal cracking process
• Vacuum distillation process
• Visbreaking process
• Catalytic cracking process

• Ambient conditions, Cloud point
• Compatibility, Density, Fire point
• Flash point, Ignition quality
• Pensky-Marten apparatus
• Pour point, Specific energy, Viscosity

• Ash, Asphaltenes
• Carbon residue
• Sediment + stability
• Silicon + aluminium; Water

• Microbiological infestation
• Polypropylene
• Sodium, Sulphur, Vanadium
• Hot and cold corrosion
• Wax

• BSMA 100 : 1989
• ISO 8217 : 1994
• CIMAC, Fuel grades
• Calculated ignition index (CII)
• Calc carbon aromaticy index (CCAI)
• Rate of pressure rise
• Diesel Index, Cetane number
• Calculated cetane index (CCI)
• Comparison of standards
• Comparison of quality over time

• Temperature conversion, F, C, K
• Pressure conversion, lb/in2 and bar
• Volume conversion, ft3 and m3
• Density, temperature compensation
• Specific energy of fuel oil
• CII number, CCAI number

• Health and safety
• Material safety data sheets
• Examples for IFO380, MDO, MGO
• Pollution
• Bunkering check lists
• 'Tricks of the trade', Disputes
• Importance of density

• Ships records, Oil Record Book
• A ship's records over 2 years
• Example FO analysis

• Graphical symbols
• Tank lists + plans, Bunker stations
• HO bunker + transfer system
• DO bunker + transfer system
• Pump arrangements, UMS operation

• Bunker sampling
• Single point + cross pipe samplers
• On-board fuel oil tests
• Density, Viscosity, Water
• Salt / fresh water
• Compatibility, Pour point

• A FO analysis application program, as developed for a FO testing laboratory
• Vessel FO specification database can be built
• Sample data after testing can be entered
• The sample can be compared to the vessel specification, ISO standards
• Operation temperatures for fuel storage, fuel separation and fuel at the engine automatically calculated;
• Engineering comments on the FO analysis

• Fully interactive simulation exercise on bunkering diesel oil on a ship
• The ship and its systems
• Fuel oil tank lists and plans
• Fuel oil calculations
• The diesel oil bunkering system
• Taking diesel oil bunkers
• Fuel oil samples, tests and analysis
• Diesel oil transfer system
• Pump characteristic curves
• Automatic transfer operations
• Alarms & system faults

• Fully interactive simulation of bunkering diesel oil on a ship
• The ship and its systems
• Fuel oil tank lists and plans
• Fuel oil calculations
• The heavy oil bunkering system
• Taking heavy oil bunkers
• Fuel oil samples, tests and analysis
• Heavy oil transfer system
• Pump characteristic curves
• Automatic transfer operations
• Alarms & system faults

• Fully interactive simulation exercise on bunkering diesel and heavy oil on a ship

This simulation combines simulation exercise modules M114 and M116, and includes the objectives of both these simulations. This creates a more complex scenario where both diesel and heavy oils may be bunkered at the same time.

The ship type for the standard bunkering exercises is a container vessel. The programs can be customised to other types of vessel, such as a trawler, ferry, passenger ship, product carrier, bulk carrier or oil tanker.