M 162
- The atom and the molecule
- The hydro-carbon structure
- Stable and unstable molecules
- Saturated and unsaturated molecules
- Iso-molecules
- Straight and ring chain structures
- Paraffinic hydro-carbons
- Naphthenic hydro-carbons
- Aromatic hydro-carbons
- The olefin series
CRUDE OIL REFINING FOR LUBRICANTS
M 163
- Basic refining process
- Typical refinery process
- Fractionating column
- Straight run, Vacuum distillation
- Refining lubricant base oils
- Viscosity streaming, Solvent extraction
- Solvent dewaxing, De-asphalting
- Finishing, Base oil selection
LUBRICANT CHARACTERISTICS - PART 1
M 164
- Aniline, Ash, Base number
- Acidity and neutralisation
- Colour, condition & odour
- Compatibility, Demulsification
- Density, Fire point, Flash point
- Pensky-Marten apparatus
- Fuel dilution
LUBRICANT CHARACTERISTICS - PART 2
M 165
- Microbiological infestation
- Oxidation, Pour point
- Insolubles and solubles
- Viscosity, Viscosity index, Volatility
LUBRICANT CHARACTERISTICS - PART 3
M 166
- Water, Wax, Floc point
- Wear metals
LUBRICANT STANDARDS
M 167
- Classification by viscosity
- Classification by base number
- ISO 3448, AGMA, SAE numbers
- SAE gear numbers, Comparisons
- Hydraulic fluids, ISO6743/4
- NLGI grease
LUBRICANT ADDITIVES
M 169
- Adhesives & tackiness
- Anti bacterial, Anti foam, Anti oxidant
- Anti wear & extreme pressure
- Anti corrosion, Detergent, Dispersant
- Emulsifier, Demulsifier
- Thickness, Pour point, Viscosity
